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Photo: Screenshot from peerj.com
    Photo: Screenshot from peerj.com
Chinese scientists studying a 244-million-year-old ichthyosaur Mixosaurus fossil from Southwest China’s Guizhou Province found at least 11 embryos inside the specimen. The discovery sets a new record for the highest number of embryos found in ichthyosaur lineages and reveals that high reproductive capacity in ichthyosaurs emerged earlier than previously believed, chinanews.com reported on Wednesday. 
Ichthyosaur was among the most successful Mesozoic marine reptiles, and its reproductive strategy was considered crucial to their adaptation to ocean environments. Its reproductive ability before extinction has long intrigued paleontologists.
A joint research team from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and the Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, has published the study on the ichthyosaur paleontology in the international journal PeerJ. 
According to Wang Wei, the paper’s corresponding author and an associate professor at the institute, embryo-preserving ichthyosaur fossils have been found across 11 genera from the Early Triassic to the Early Cretaceous. 
However, for ichthyosaur groups that diverged in the Early Triassic, embryo-bearing fossils known to scientists remain scarce, and knowledge about the number of offspring they carried is especially limited. Previous discoveries of pregnant specimens, such as Chaohusaurus and Mixosaurus, contained no more than three embryos, suggesting limited early reproductive capacity among early ichthyosaurs.
According to Gu Shengxiao, the paper’s first author and a researcher at the Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, the study examined an almost complete adult Mixosaurus panxianensis fossil from Guizhou’s Middle Triassic strata, dating back about 244 million years. The specimen measures 112 centimeters long, including a skull length of 22 centimeters, with only the tail tip missing. 
The researchers identified 11 fetal ichthyosaur skeletons with skulls inside the adult specimen’s abdomen, confirming they were embryos rather than cannibalized prey based on their position and morphology. There are also fossil pieces outside the belly of the adult, which could belong to the 11 or represent other embryos. 
All embryos in the Mixosaurus panxianensis fossil were at a similar late developmental stage, suggesting the mother died shortly before giving birth, according to the researchers.
The Mixosaurus panxianensis fossil containing at least 11 embryos sets a record for Triassic ichthyosaurs and all known ichthyosaur species. The researchers believe this indicates that Mixosaurus may have adopted a reproductive strategy of producing large numbers of offspring in a single birth. This exceptionally high reproductive capacity may have provided them with a survival advantage. 
Among Triassic ichthyosaurs and all known ichthyosaur groups, Mixosaurus is the genus with the largest number of fossil specimens and is also one of the most widely distributed ichthyosaurs. 
The researchers said the multi-embryo Mixosaurus panxianensis fossil may represent an extreme case, but it confirms the species’ ability to produce large numbers of offspring, potentially contributing to its dominance among contemporaneous marine reptiles. 
The study offers the first fossil evidence of high fertility in Triassic ichthyosaurs. Future research will examine other embryo-bearing Triassic ichthyosaurs to determine whether a multiple-offspring reproductive strategy was common in early ichthyosaur evolution and what factors drove this trait, Wang said. 
Global Times
。1月9日新闻小米将于1月10日,也就是明天举行一次新的红米红米手机产品和战略会议。在发布之前,小米移动的官员透露了另一个“重磅新闻”——Redmi发布了多个新产品,以及你意想不到的惊喜。目前,官方没有透露更多的相关信息,但我们可以根据现有的爆炸性新闻进行推测——小米会在这次会议上透露小米9的相关信息吗?最近,一个名为Cepheus的小米手机代码被曝光。根据Geekbench的跑步成绩,它携带的苗龙855,应该是小米9。但是,没有官方声明,我们只能猜测,不能代表事实。早些时候,雷军在微博上发布了雷米新手机的实时照片。本机采用全尺寸水滴屏幕,两侧采用2.5D玻璃幻影彩色渐变设计,后置4800万像素摄像头,支持超夜景模式。另外,据了解,新红米“小钻石”机将配备一个6.3英寸的fhd液晶水滴屏幕、一个后指纹、4/6GB内存和一个后48MP 12MP双摄像头。3900毫安电池的10W充电头将于1月10日在新独立品牌红米的Redmi会议上发布。关于小米自主品牌“红米”的定位,雷军表示,“将小米与红米分开,向不同方向发展,可以使小米品牌更好。红米红米专注于最佳的性价比,专注于电子商务市场。小米专注于高端和新零售。

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